The revolution of 1905 Georgia within the Russian Empire

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street protests in tiflis in 1905



pacification of western georgia. soldiers burning peasant houses.


the 1890s , 1900s marked frequent strikes throughout georgia. peasants, too, still discontented, , social democrats won peasants , urban workers on cause. @ stage, georgian social democrats still saw part of all-russian political movement. however, @ second congress of all-russian social democratic party held in belgium in 1903, party split 2 irreconcilable groups: mensheviks , bolsheviks. 1905, social democratic movement in georgia had overwhelmingly decided in favour of mensheviks , leader noe zhordania. 1 of few georgians opt bolshevik faction young ioseb jughashvili, better known joseph stalin.


in january 1905, troubles within russian empire came head when army fired on crowd of demonstrators in saint petersburg, killing @ least 96 people. news provoked wave of protests , strikes throughout country in became known 1905 revolution. unrest spread georgia, mensheviks had co-ordinated large peasant revolt in guria region. mensheviks again @ forefront during year saw series of uprisings , strikes, met tsarist authorities combination of violent repression (carried out cossacks) , concessions. in december, mensheviks ordered general strike , encouraged supporters bomb cossacks, responded more bloodshed. mensheviks resort violence alienated many people, including armenian political allies, , general strike collapsed. resistance tsarist authorities quelled force in january 1906 arrival of army led general alikhanov.


the years between 1906 , outbreak of world war more peaceful in georgia, under rule of relatively liberal governor of caucasus, count vorontsov-dashkov. mensheviks, too, realised had gone far violence of late 1905. unlike bolsheviks, rejected idea of armed insurrection. in 1906, first elections national parliament (the duma) held in russian empire , mensheviks won seats representing georgia landslide. bolsheviks had little support except in manganese mine of chiatura, though gained publicity armed robbery gain funds in tbilisi in 1907. after incident, stalin , colleagues moved baku, real bolshevik stronghold in transcaucasia.








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