Democratic governments (1947-1958) Pakistan–Russia relations

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the soviet union-pakistan relations (russian: Союз Советских Социалистических Республик -Пакистан) dated 1948 when moscow directed farewell message then-prime minister liaquat ali khan. pakistan gained independence during penultimate times of cold war, , russian military involvement in afghanistan had long history, going tsarist times in so-called great game between russia , great britain.



according studies conducted institute of strategic studies (iss), soviet union did not welcomed partition of bengal , punjab, fluctuating cool antagonistic , hostile relations. moscow gave vehement criticism united kingdom partitioning region, regarded divide , rule strategy of foreign policy of great britain, , had earlier labeled muslim league tool of british, inception. joseph stalin , officials @ moscow did not send congratulatory message governor-general jinnah— founder of pakistan. rather soviet union extended relations after death of jinnah, after sending invitation prime minister liaquat ali khan on april 1948. during 1947 war, soviet union remained neutral non-committal attitude, while western countries moved kashmir dispute united nations security council, settle dispute. status quo more acceptable india, not pakistan, influence moscow vote in favor of india in 1947. during 1947-53, pakistan member of non-aligned movement (nam) facing challenging issues involving economic default, internal unrest, challenges in foreign policy, constitutional crises, , problems @ constituent assembly after death of jinnah. initially, pakistan waited see if nation willing country re-build massive military , economical aid, , leading bureaucrat @ time, sir firoz ali khan had revealed that:



if hindus give (us) , pakistan, hindus best friends. if british give brits our best friends. if neither give freedom..... russia our best friend....




in april 1948, @ un economic , social commission asia , far east, pakistan s foreign officers of pakistan announced (pakistan) accept aid source , soviets did not respond request. in 1948, prime minister ali khan made several attempts soviet union established relations, soviet remained quiet. on april 1948, foreign minister sir zafarullah khan held talks deputy foreign minister andrei gromyko, subjecting diplomatic relation. during time, pakistan saw relations soviet union prism of relations india these days sees ties united states.



however, policy changed after soviet union witnessed 2 events particularly forcing them respond pakistan when india decided remain within commonwealth nations, clear sign india leaning towards western countries under u.s. auspices. second event indian premier jawaharlal nehru s announcement pay state visit united states on may 7, 1949. reaction, soviet union extended invitation prime minister, liaquat ali khan, in 1949 visit moscow, becoming first prime minister commonwealth of nations visit communist country, soviet union herself did not materialized dates or plans. instead, prime minister ali khan went onto paid state visit united states, taking largest diplomatic , military convey him, clear rebuff soviet union. according studies completed pakistan institute of international affairs (piia), real motives, goals , objectives, economic , technical assistance. there important divergences of outlook between pakistan, islamic background, , soviet union background of marxism atheistic....pakistan had noticed subservience forced upon allies of soviet union... furthermore, there question whether russia supply aid, both material , technical, pakistan urgently needed... piia noted.


the relations suffered setback when members of communist party led communist faiz ahmad faiz, sponsored major-general akbar khan, hatched coup d état against prime minister liaquat ali khan in 1950 (see rawalpindi conspiracy case). soon, 3 years after, prime minister liaqat ali khan assassinated while campaigning electoral term. during 1954-58, relations strained , hostility against each other time passes. in 1954, pakistan became member of seato , cento in 1955, soviet union did not welcome, overtly opting pro-indian policy , regarding kashmir part of india.


as result of 1954-55 elections, prime minister huseyn suhrawardy, left-wing prime minister, made deliberate attempts improve relations. on march–april 1954, delegation of soviet cultural troupe toured pakistan , festival of soviet films held in karachi. reciprocate this, pakistan government sent delegation study soviet industrial , agricultural development in 1956, soviet premier nikolai bulganin offered technical , scientific assistance prime minister suhrawardy peaceful uses of nuclear energy, offering soviet contribution after suhrawardy submitted plan established nuclear power against india. in 1958, soviet union agreed give pakistan handful in aid in agriculture, economic, science, control of pest, flood control, desalination, soil erosion , technical assistance pakistan. in 1958, pakistan , soviet union established oil consortium, pakistan oilfields, , expressing interests in establishing country s first steel mills.








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