History Joint Light Tactical Vehicle

1 history

1.1 engineering , manufacturing development (emd) phase
1.2 final selection
1.3 uk mod interest
1.4 lithuanian mod interest

history

the high mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle (hmmwv), first entered service in 1985, developed during cold war when improvised explosive devices (ieds) , asymmetric warfare not major factor military planners. hmmwvs demonstrated vulnerability ieds , difficulties , costs experienced in satisfactorily up-armoring hmmwvs led development of family of more survivable vehicles greater payload , mobility. jltv reported one-for-one hmmwv replacement; however, dod officials emphasize jltvs not intended replace hmmwvs.

the jltv publicly emerged in 2006. government documents noted: in response operational need , aging fleet of light tactical wheeled vehicles, joint services have developed requirement new tactical wheeled vehicle platform provide increased force protection, survivability, , improved capacity on current [up-armoured humvee] while balancing mobility , transportability requirements total ownership costs. joint service nature of effort assured through congressional language in fiscal year 2006 (fy06) authorization act, mandated future tactical wheeled vehicle program joint program.

the joint chief of staff s joint requirements oversight council (jroc) approved jltv program in november 2006; began 13-month concept refinement phase pre-systems acquisition process designed further develop initial concepts resident in initial capabilities document (icd). concept refinement phase includes analysis of alternatives (aoa). @ conclusion of concept refinement phase in december 2007, joint program office (jpo) jltv project manager (pm) intended transition program directly engineering, manufacturing, , development (emd) phase. however, calendar date milestone approached, became clear milestone decision authority (mda), defense acquisition executive (dae), john young, not support jltv program entering acquisition process @ time. denied request , instructed army , marine corps develop more vigorous technology development (td) phase.

the dod released request proposal (rfp) td phase of jltv program on 5 february 2008. industry proposals due no later 7 april. td phase contract award postponed in july 2008.

the following companies , partnerships responded td phase rfp:

boeing, textron , millenworks
general dynamics , general (as general tactical vehicles )
force protection inc , drs technologies (officially rejected on 14 august 2008).
bae systems , navistar
northrop grumman, oshkosh truck , plasan
lockheed martin, bae systems land & armaments global tactical systems, alcoa defense , jwf industries.
blackwater , raytheon


bae systems valanx jltv in 2012. bae s valanx not progress emd phase.



general tactical vehicles jltv during field trials in 2010. design not progress emd phase.



lockheed martin jltv variants in 2012. lockheed martin s vehicle progress emd phase , selected progress prototype stage.



am general brv-o jltv on static display. brv-o progress emd phase , selected progress prototype stage.

on 28 october 2008, pentagon narrowed field of vendors lockheed martin, general tactical vehicles , bae systems/navistar. each team awarded contracts worth between $35.9 million , $45 million begin next phase of program, @ time stated worth $20 billion or more. northrop grumman/oshkosh group contested awards protest denied government accountability office on 17 february 2009.

australia signed agreement in february 2009 fund 9 of first 30 jltv prototypes. while final decision has yet made, australian government pursuing hawkei, domestically developed vehicle through thales-australia. india became interested in program in 2009, pursuing indigenous solution. israel , uk have expressed interest in program.

on 1 june 2010, confirmed 3 contractors had delivered 7 jltv platforms td phase evaluation. u.s. army appeared have reduced support program @ time, omitting jltv numbers tactical vehicle strategy published in june 2010. however, u.s. army clarified jltvs slated both replace , complement humvee.

jltv s td phase lasted 27 months , in may 2011 completed. in february 2011, jltv program office announced award of follow-on engineering , manufacturing development phase contract delayed until january or february 2012 because army changed requirements jltv, requiring have same level of under body protection mine-resistant, ambush-protected all-terrain vehicle (m-atv).

upon exiting td phase cdd version 3.3 published. time cdd version 3.3 published, payload options had been reduced two. cdd version 3.3 dropped payload verbiage , replaced variants. point on there 2 required variants; combat tactical vehicle (ctv) configuration, replace previous category , category b configurations, 4-seat vehicle 3,500 pound payload. category b variant eliminated because proved heavy meet required weight of approximately 15,639 pounds make transportable army ch-47f , marine corps ch-53k helicopters. combat support vehicle (csv), replace previous category c configuration, 2-seat vehicle 5,100 pound payload. 2 variants appeared in cdd version 3.3 had requirements configurations. configuration refers different types of mission packages installed each of 2 variants. cdd version 3.3 required 6 configurations.

the draft request proposals (rfp) jltv s emd phase released on 2 october 2011. called average unit manufacturing cost between $230,000 , $270,000 across jltv family of vehicles. cost target b-kit armor package remains @ usd65,000. emd phase requirements created trade space industry easing weight , mobility constraints. @ time jltv in danger of severe budget cuts , possible full cancellation in wake of spiraling costs, delays , defense-wide budgetary cutbacks; competing against hmmwv modernized expanded capacity vehicle (mecv) program, draft rfp released on 11 august 2011. on 26 january 2012 request proposals jltv s emd phase released. budget priorities fy13 released on same day included termination of hmmwv mecv recap program in order focus vehicle modernization resources on jltv.

engineering , manufacturing development (emd) phase

not of td phase contract award teamings remained in place jltv s engineering , manufacturing development (emd) phase. late march 2012 (bids due 27 march), clear @ least 6 teams had submitted responses emd phase rfp, , following emd phase contract awards on 23 august 2012, in september hardwire llc disclosed unknown seventh bidder. bidders were:

am general (still @ time teamed gtv separate offering) offered blast-resistant vehicle – off road (brv-o), product based on own r&d, , design leveraged of general s recent experience hmmwv mecv designs.
bae systems (previously teamed navistar) realigned team emd phase include ford (ford motor company s power stroke 6.7 liter turbocharged diesel engine; ford had been considering participating in jltv s emd competition own offering) , proposed design capitalized on earlier td phase work valanx.
gtv dropped td phase developed design , opted offer lowest risk solution, further development of in-production mowag eagle.
lockheed martin opted stay td phase offering, albeit version according company hundreds of pounds lighter in weight.
navistar, broke away bae systems emd phase, offered variant of saratoga light tactical vehicle, unveiled in october 2011 middle-ground offering between hmmwv , jltv, latter current td phase spec still technically in place.
oshkosh proposed variant of company s l-atv, unveiled in october 2011. l-atv has developmental origins trace oshkosh/northrop-grumman s failed initial jltv proposal.
hardwire offered proposal featuring hybrid-electric drive train. hardwire s armor solutions have been employed on mrap vehicles, , company known developing innovative blast chimney designed provide outlet energy released in underbelly blast.

on 23 august 2012, army , marine corps selected lockheed martin jltv, oshkosh l-atv, , general brv-o winners of engineering , manufacturing development (emd) phase of competition. 3 companies awarded contract build 22 prototype vehicles in 27 months judged services. losing bidder navistar filed protest government accountability office (gao) on evaluation criteria on 31 august 2012; company withdrew protest on 4 september 2012.

jltv s emd phase competitors - l r - general, oshkosh, lockheed martin

on 26 june 2013, lockheed martin completed last of 22 jltvs produced emd phase. on 8 august 2013, oshkosh delivered first l-atv jltv prototype army government testing following successful vehicle inspection defense contract management agency (dcma). four-door multi-purpose variant , two-door utility variant provided evaluations. on 14 august 2013, both general , lockheed delivered 22 vehicles army , marine corps participate in 14-month government evaluation , testing process.

on 27 august 2013, army , marine corps announced full-scale testing of jltv prototypes begin following week, 3 vendors having had 66 vehicles delivered. each company delivered 22 vehicles , 6 trailers aberdeen proving ground, maryland, , yuma proving ground, arizona. previous testing had put vehicles through more 400 ballistic , blast tests on armor testing samples, underbody blast testing, , more 1,000 miles in shakedown testing. soldiers army test , evaluation command , personnel defense department s office of test , evaluation put vehicles through realistic , rigorous field testing during 14 months of government performance testing. testing completed fy 2015, production contract awarded single vendor 55,000 vehicles, each vehicle coming off assembly line not exceeding $250,000. army begin receiving jltvs fy 2018, , have vehicles planned delivered in 2030s. on 3 september 2013, full-pace, full-scope jltv testing began @ aberdeen proving ground, yuma proving ground, , redstone arsenal, alabama. program on track despite sequestration, if budget issues not worked out schedule slip. 1 vendor selected july 2015, , produce 2,000 vehicles 3 years of additional testing fine-tune assembly line , full-up system.

testing of jltv temporarily halted in october during two-week u.s. government shutdown of 2013. civilian workers furloughed , test sites closed within hours. work restarted when shutdown ended, though 1 site remained closed until 22 october. army , marine corps have vowed commitment buying 55,000 jltvs in face of sequestration cuts. level of support given while major acquisition programs ground combat vehicle in danger of cuts (and cancelled), potentially meant army favoring replacing humvees more m2 bradley. army leaders worried marines priority amphibious combat vehicle program cause them out of jltv procurement. however, marines said procurement plans 2 efforts did not overlap , should not conflict each other. number of light vehicles need reduced due cuts still being determined, hoped cuts directed existing humvee fleet rather planned jltv numbers.

on 1 october 2013, defense department inspector general launched year-long audit of joint light tactical vehicle program. 1 of dozen acquisition programs outlined in ig s fy 2014 audit plan . audit determine whether army , marine officials overseeing , managing program before low-rate production begins. june 2013 report congressional research service estimated program cost @ $23 billion, or $400,000 per vehicle; military leaders contend unit cost $250,000. fiscal pressures, program efforts being challenged , focus being put oversight. army planned issue request proposals companies interested in bidding production contracts in mid-november 2014, , pick winner possibly july 2015. discrepancies in unit cost have been attributed different methods analyzing cost. pentagon ig report concluded program officials appropriately assessed affordability of effort, , average unit production cost remains stable @ $250,000. 3 vehicles completed limited user testing (lut) , production readiness reviews (prrs) mid-november 2014. jltv program, every other weapons program, still in danger of cuts return of sequestration in 2016.

final selection

the army released final jltv rfp lrip , frp on 12 december 2014, clearing way general, lockheed martin, , oshkosh defense submit vehicle proposals. army gave competitors until 10 february 2015, refine , submit bids. army, on behalf of , marines, stated plans select winner , issue single contract award in late summer of 2015. winning contractor build approximately 17,000 jltvs army , marines during 3 years of lrip, followed 5 years of frp. first army unit equipped jltvs in fy 2018, , army s complete acquisition of 49,099 jltvs completed in 2040, 2,200 jltvs delivered each year between 2020–36. marines begin acquiring 5,500 jltvs @ beginning of production , completed fy 2022.

fy 2015 budget requests included us$164.6 million (rdt&e us$45.7 million) 176 jltv (army), , us$7.5 million (rdt&e us$11.5 million) 7 (usmc) jltv in various configurations. total procurement cost of jltv program quoted us$30.04 billion (official dod fy2015 estimate) + us$0.98 billion in research , development (rdt&e) funds, giving total estimated program cost of us$31.03 billion (figures aggregated annual funds spent on life of program no price/inflation adjustment). gao estimated dod allocate us$53.5 billion jltv program, split us$1.082 billion rdt&e , @ least us$52.298 billion procurement. april 2015 tacom had rescheduled jltv s milestone c decision august 2015. army , marines still expected lrip commence in fy2015, tacom expecting jltv enter full-rate production fy2018. army expected jltv achieve initial operational capability in 2019.

2016 oshkosh l-atv configured jltv, , equipped m153 crows ii remote weapon system integrated m2 browning .50 caliber heavy machine gun.

oshkosh selected on 25 august 2015. award includes base contract , 8 option years covering 3 years of lrip , 5 years of frp. initial contract award valued @ us$114 million , 2 year lrip. lrip slated begin in first quarter of fy 2016, oshkosh commencing delivery of vehicles approximately 10 months after contract award. frp decision expected in fy 2018, , should commence in november or december 2019. contract award has value of us$6.749 billion , calls maximum of 16,901 jltvs, , includes sustainment element. jltv manufacturing performed in oshkosh, wi. oshkosh ceo, charles szews, said production contract award involve more 300 suppliers in 31 states across country. army refused detail why l-atv chosen on competitors, owing anticipations of protests either or both of losing bidders, these submitted within ten days of contract award.

on 8 september 2015, reported lockheed martin protest award; on same day disclosed general had decided not file protest. work performed under contract stopped during review period. on 15 december 2015 government accountability office gao dismissed lockheed martin s protest because company on 11 december 2015 decided file “notice of post-award bid protest” u.s. court of federal claims; according source knowledge of procedures, uncommon company file court close gao protest decision. after gao dismissed protest, army instructed oshkosh resume work on jltv order. lockheed martin filed preliminary injunction on 17 december, stating new army-supplied information related contract emerged toward end of gao s protest process not considered before ruling , no deadline extension granted. u.s. court of federal claims denied lockheed martin s request stop work while lawsuit pending, allowing oshkosh continue work during process. company withdrew protest in court of federal claims on 17 february 2016.

around time lockheed martin withdrew protest potentially crucial data jltv testing revealed. 472–page annual report pentagon s independent director of operational test & evaluation revealed in testing oshkosh s jltv prototype lasted 6 times longer between significant breakdown next closest, lockheed martin s prototype. oshkosh vehicle achieved 7,051 mean miles between operational mission failure (mmbomf), lockheed martin s vehicle achieving 1,271 mmbomf. general s vehicle achieved 526 mmbomf. target jltv 2400 mmbomf, current up-armored hmmwv achieving 2,968 mmbomf. information on protection levels released. found in testing both oshkosh , lockheed prototypes met threshold force protection requirements , objective-level requirements. level of protection better of up-armored hmmwvs, , similar mrap (mine resistant ambush protected) all-terrain vehicles (m-atv) without underbody improvement kit across spectrum of tested threats. general s prototype need significant redesign meet threshold protection requirements. more details on vehicle protection included in classified report.

in pentagon s fy 2017 budget, requested us$587.5 million procure 1,828 jltvs army , us$113.2 million procure 192 marines. us$34.7 million requested research , development between army , marines jltv programs. procurement objectives remain 49,099 jltv army , 5,500 marines.

the first delivery order jltv announced on 23 march 2016 u.s. army ordering 657 jltvs, along kits , support. $243 million order includes vehicles army , marines. according oshkosh, vehicles, trailers, , installed kits order delivered first quarter fy2018. part of original jltv lrip/frp base award in august 2015, initial 201 jltvs test , evaluation phase ordered. 657-vehicle order exercised option program s 8 option years. overall jltv requirements remain @ 5,500 marines , 49,099 army. in april 2016 disclosed jltv s initial operating capability (ioc) both services delayed result of earlier protests , associated issues. initial usmc operating capability delayed 1 year first quarter of fiscal 2020, 69 jltvs marine infantry battalion, procurement marines complete fy 2022. army anticipates six-month delay, reaching ioc in mid-2019. army procurement last until approximately 2040.

according pentagon s 2016 selected acquisition report (sar), released on 24 march 2016, jltv program has dropped total costs $5.9 billion. jltv s total program costs dropped 19.32%, $30.574 billion $24.668 billion due revised estimates unit costs of vehicles , kits based on realised savings , accounted $3.7 billion decrease. stretched out procurement due budget adjustments , revised assumptions regarding maximum buy profile year decreased costs $1.28 billion, , several other changes – such cost estimation methodologies , indices – accounted $921 million decrease. sar s total cost estimates include research , development, procurement, military construction, , acquisition-related operations , maintenance associated program, pentagon said. these reflect actual costs far , anticipated costs in future, estimates in inflated then-year dollars.

on 11 may 2016, u.s. army disclosed jltv used platform upcoming light reconnaissance vehicle (lrv) program rather procuring new system. lrv off-road platform carrying suite of intelligence, surveillance, , reconnaissance sensors; light enough carried ch-47 chinook helicopter. jltv has been described interim lrv solution, , there possibility evaluation of jltv in lrv role determine if change necessary.

on 26 september 2016, u.s. army placed order 130 jltvs , 748 kits valued @ $42 million; third jltv order since contract award. fiscal year 2016 funding budgets 804 jltvs. army received first 7 jltvs test @ end of september 2016 according colonel shane fullmer, jltv project manager stated @ ausa 2016 media briefing. said test vehicles sent yuma, arizona, automotive , mobility testing; ft huachuca, arizona, cyber, electronic warfare, , c4 testing; aberdeen proving ground, maryland, reliability , automotive testing; , alaska automotive , environmental testing. jltv testing deferred during emd phase, government did not want pay testing 3 suppliers, , set testing fleet of 100 jltvs. april 2017 30 jltvs had been delivered, testing expected continue through first quarter of fy19. @ ausa 2016 media briefing, scott davis, program executive officer combat support & combat service support, stated overall jltv programme expects cut 5 years off of total program , save us$5.9 billion, oshkosh s final competitive bid low enough army decided buy budget , more platforms each year, shrunk total length of contract , increased cost avoidances accrued each year. @ ausa 2016, oshkosh displayed jltv general purpose variant equipped eos r-400s-mk2 remote weapon system integrated orbital atk s m230 lf 30 mm lightweight automatic chain gun.

the fourth jltv order announced on 2 january 2016, 409 vehicles, 1,984 installed kits, 82 packaged kits, related services , support. order valued @ estimated $179 million , deliveries begin late 2017. on 4 january 2017 reported u.s. air force considering acquiring jltvs security forces protect missile launch facilities.

in 2018 budget pentagon requested $1.143 billion jltv programme. procurement, dod requested $1,099 billion split $804.4 million 2,110 army jltvs, $60.5 140 air force jltvs, , $233.6 527 marines jltvs. army , marines requested $44.2 million research, development, test, , evaluation.

in may 2017 reported jltv-rv (jltv - reconnaissance vehicle) incorporated current jltv technical data package (tdp) , kit option on next jltv contract. jltv-rv designated interim solution lrv requirement.

in june 2017 first soldiers receive jltvs revealed. according army first unit receive jltvs infantry brigade combat team in 10th mountain division @ fort drum. bulk of 500 hmmwvs replaced 2019. 173rd airborne brigade combat team in vicenza, italy, next , brigade in hawaii (probably 25th infantry division). according marines, yet-to-be-identified infantry battalion within ii mef @ camp lejeune, north carolina, receive 69 jltvs replace same number of humvees in july 2019. within 90 days, similar unit mef receive jltvs, , within 9 months, unit iii mef in japan follow. in june 2017 marines revealed wished adjust acquisition objective jltv 65% 9,091 vehicles. overall jltv requirements remain @ 5,500 usmc , 49,099 army.

on 1 august 2017, oshkosh announced fifth jltv order, 748 vehicles , 2,359 installed , packaged kits. order valued @ more $195 million , scheduled completion november 2018. oshkosh confirmed jltv remains on-schedule , on-budget. in august, further details of 140 jltvs requested air force in fy 2018 appeared. initial request understood require 46 utility variants, 48 gp variants, , 46 heavy gun carrier variants. fielding scheduled fy 2019, vehicles used security forces, explosive ordnance disposal teams, para-rescue , personnel recovery units, tactical air control party teams, , special tactics forces. @ present, released documents show no further jltv procurement period fy 2019-22, service known want replace entire fleet of 3,270 hmmwvs jltvs.

at ausa 2017, jltv utility variant mounting boeing s shorad launcher

on 1 september 2017, oshkosh announced sixth , latest jltv order, valued @ more $177 million , including 611 vehicles , 1,789 installed , packaged kits.

at ausa 2017 jltvs displayed in 3 new configurations. oshkosh displayed general purpose variant fitted boeing compact laser weapon system (clws), kongsberg protector lw 30 remote weapon system (rws) m230lf cannon, , communications suite includes thales vrc-111 , thales vrc-121 viper. company displayed utiliy variant equipped boeing maneuver short range air defense (shorad) launcher including m3p .50 cal machine gun, m299 launcher 4 longbow hellfire missiles, sensor suite, , communications suite including thales vrc-111. rafael displayed general purpose vehicle fitted company s samson rws dual stabilized remote weapon systems (rws) m230 lf, , trophy light active protection system (aps).

uk mod interest

shown @ dsei 2017, jltv in british army green , fitted uk-specific equipment.

in june 2016 reported meet package 1 of multi role vehicle-protected (mrv-p) requirement, uk ministry of defence (mod) in talks pentagon on acquiring jltv via foreign military sales (fms) route. “we can confirm talking dod regarding package 1 [of mrv-p], inform our understanding of fms option joint light tactical vehicle,” said mod spokesman. stated in january 2017 maj. gen. robert talbot rice, director of land equipment @ defence equipment , support arm of ministry of defence (mod), that: working through foreign military sales process. letter of request has been sent our american colleagues, , expect response in next few months. talbot rice told audience of industry executives , military personnel @ international armoured vehicles conference in london on 24 january army had opted single-source purchase due ability meet uk requirements , value money.

in july 2017, dsca notified congress of possible sale of 2,747 jltv vehicles , accessories uk. @ dsei 2017 in london oshkosh displayed jltv in british army green , fitted uk-specific equipment.

lithuanian mod interest

according report in defense news lithuanian ministry of defence (mod) has contacted u.s. defense department regarding potential acquisition of 200 oshkosh l-atv light tactical vehicles. under proposed acquisition, value of has not been mentioned, deliveries scheduled begin in 2021.