Types Asphalt shingle

1 types

1.1 organic
1.2 fiberglass
1.3 architectural or 3-tab

types

a home in avalon, nj showing asphalt shingle roof.

two types of base materials used make asphalt shingles: formerly-living organic base , fiberglass base. both types made in similar manner asphalt or modified-asphalt applied 1 or both sides of asphalt-saturated base, covered slate, schist, quartz, vitrified brick, stone, or ceramic granules , side treated sand, talc or mica prevent shingles sticking each other before use. top surface granules block ultra-violet light causes shingles deteriorate, provides physical protection of asphalt , gives shingles color. shingles have copper or other materials added surface prevent algae growth. self-sealing strips standard on shingles prevent shingles being blown off high winds. material typically limestone or fly-ash-modified resins, or polymer-modified bitumen. american society of civil engineers astm d7158 standard united states residential building codes use wind resistance standard discontinuous, steep-slope roof coverings (including asphalt shingles) following class ratings: class d – passed @ basic wind speeds , including 90 mph; class g – passed @ basic wind speeds , including 120 mph; , class h – passed @ basic wind speeds , including 150 mph. additive known styrene-butadiene-styrene (sbs), called modified or rubberized asphalt, added asphalt mixture make shingles more resistant thermal cracking, more resistant damage hail impacts. manufacturers use fabric backing known scrim on side of shingles make them more impact resistant. insurance companies offer discounts homeowners using class 4 impact rated shingles.

organic

organic shingles made base mat of formerly living (organic) materials such paper (waste paper), cellulose, wood fiber, or other materials saturated asphalt make waterproof, top coating of adhesive asphalt applied , ceramic granules embedded. organic shingles contain around 40% more asphalt per square (100 sq ft.) fiberglass shingles. paper-based nature of organic shingles leaves them more prone fire damage, , highest fm rating fire class b . organic shingles less brittle fiberglass shingles in cold weather.

the older organic (wood , paper pulp product) versions durable , hard tear, important property when considering wind uplift of shingles in heavy storms. also, organic shingles produced before 1980s may contain asbestos.

fiberglass

fiberglass shingles have base layer of glass fiber reinforcing mat. mat made wet, random-laid fiberglass bonded urea-formaldehyde resin. mat coated asphalt contains mineral fillers , makes fiberglass shingle waterproof. fiberglass shingles typically obtain class fire rating fiberglass mat resists fire better organic/paper mats. fiberglass reinforcement devised replacement asbestos paper reinforcement of roofing shingles , typically ranges 1.8 2.3 pounds/square foot.

fiberglass shingles replacing organic felt shingles , 1982 production of fiberglass shingles overtook organic shingles. widespread hurricane damage in florida during 1990s prompted industry adhere 1700-gram tear value on finished asphalt shingles.

per 2003 international building code sections 1507.2.1 , 1507.2.2, asphalt shingles shall used on roof slopes of 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal (17% slope) or greater. asphalt shingles shall fastened solidly sheathed decks.

architectural or 3-tab

asphalt shingles come in 2 standard design options: architectural (dimensional) shingles, , 3-tab shingles. 3-tab flat simple shingles uniform shape , size. use less material architectural shingles, , therefore lighter , lower cost both material , installation. thinner, , not last long or offer manufacturer s warranties long architectural asphalt. 3-tab still commonly installed in lower-value homes, such used rental properties. however, declining in popularity in favor of architectural. dimensional, or architectural shingles thicker , stronger, , offer more aesthetic appeal dimensional more shadow , varied shapes , sizes. while more expensive install, come longer manufacturer s warranties, 50 years. though, worth noting asphalt shingles still replaced after no longer 24–30 years, , long warranty such prorated. while no asphalt shingle last 50 years, dimensional shingles stand better elements, , offer less potential leaking (and high costs of damage can come roof leaks), typically longer period of time. while 3-tab shingles typically need replaced after 15–18 years, dimensional typically last 24–30 years.