Genes and environment Religiosity

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national welfare spending vs church attendance in christian societies


the contributions of genes , environment religiosity have been quantified in studies of twins (bouchard et al., 1999; kirk et al., 1999) , sociological studies of welfare, availability, , legal regulations (state religions, etc.).


koenig et al. (2005) report contribution of genes variation in religiosity (called heritability) increases 12% 44% , contribution of shared (family) effects decreases 56% 18% between adolescence , adulthood.


a market-based theory of religious choice , governmental regulation of religion have been dominant theories used explain variations of religiosity between societies. however, gill , lundsgaarde (2004) documented stronger correlation between welfare state spending , religiosity. see welfare spending vs church attendance diagram on right.








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