Sitting meditation Chan Buddhism

sitting meditation called zuòchán (坐禅), zazen in japanese, both meaning sitting dhyāna . during sitting meditation, practitioners assume position such lotus position, half-lotus, burmese, or seiza postures. regulate mind, awareness directed towards counting or watching breath, or put in energy center below navel (see anapanasati). often, square or round cushion placed on padded mat used sit on; in other cases, chair may used.

at beginning of song dynasty, practice koan method became popular, whereas others practiced silent illumination. became source of differences in practice between linji , caodong traditions.

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