Ernestine and Albertine Wettins House of Wettin

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1 ernestine , albertine wettins

1.1 ernestines

1.1.1 residences of ernestine branches


1.2 albertines

1.2.1 albertine electors , kings of saxony
1.2.2 residences of albertine branch







ernestine , albertine wettins

the family split 2 ruling branches in 1485 when sons of frederick ii, elector of saxony divided territories hitherto ruled jointly. elder son ernest, had succeeded father prince-elector, received territories assigned elector (electorate of saxony) , thuringia, while younger brother albert obtained march of meissen, ruled dresden. albert ruled under title of duke of saxony , possessions known ducal saxony.
















ernestines

the older ernestine branch remained predominant until 1547 , played important role in beginnings of protestant reformation. frederick iii (friedrich der weise) appointed martin luther (1512) , philipp melanchthon (1518) university of wittenberg, had established in 1502.


the ernestine predominance ended in schmalkaldic war (1546/7), pitted protestant schmalkaldic league against emperor charles v. although lutheran, albertine branch rallied emperor s cause. charles v had promised moritz rights electorship. after battle of mühlberg, johann friedrich der großmütige, had cede territory (including wittenberg) , electorship cousin moritz. although imprisoned, johann friedrich able plan new university. established 3 sons on 19 march 1548 höhere landesschule @ jena. on 15 august 1557, emperor ferdinand awarded status of university.


the ernestine line thereafter restricted thuringia , dynastic unity swiftly crumbled, dividing number of smaller states, ernestine duchies. nevertheless, ernst der fromme, duke of saxe-gotha (1601–1675), house gave rise important early-modern ruler ahead of time in supporting education of people , in improving administration. in 18th century, karl august, duke of saxe-weimar-eisenach, established become known weimar classicism @ court in weimar, notably bringing johann wolfgang von goethe there.


it in 19th century 1 of many ernestine branches, house of saxe-coburg , gotha, regained importance through marriages stud of europe , ascending thrones of belgium (in 1831), portugal (1853–1910), bulgaria (1908–1946) , united kingdom (in 1901).



residences of ernestine branches






































albertines

albertine wettins royal coat of arms standard arms @ center (kings of saxony, 1806–1918)


the albertine wettins maintained of territorial integrity of saxony, preserving significant power in region, , used small appanage fiefs cadet branches, few of survived significant lengths of time. ernestine wettins, on other hand, repeatedly subdivided territory, creating intricate patchwork of small duchies , counties in thuringia.


the junior albertine branch ruled electors (1547–1806) , kings of saxony (1806–1918), , played role in polish history: 2 wettins kings of poland (between 1697–1763) , third ruled duchy of warsaw (1807–1814) satellite of napoleon. after napoleonic wars, albertine branch lost 40% of lands (the economically less-developed northern parts of old electorate of saxony) prussia, restricting territory coextensive modern saxony (see final act of congress of vienna act iv: treaty between prussia , saxony 18 may 1815). frederick augustus iii lost throne in german revolution of 1918.


the role of present head of albertine house of saxony claimed great-grandson prince ruediger of saxony, duke of saxony, margrave of meissen (born 23 december 1953). headship of prince rüdiger contested second cousin, alexander (born 1954), son of roberto afif, later change of name mr gessaphe, , princess maria anna of saxony, sister of childless former head of albertines, maria emanuel, margrave of meissen (died 2012), had adopted nephew, granting him name prince of saxony, contrary rules of male descent under salic law. dispute detailed in article line of succession former saxon thrones. both not recognized nobility archive in marburg conference of formerly ruling houses in germany. prince rüdiger, because father timo expelled house of wettin, prince alexander because not of noble descent (father roberto afif lebanon). consequently, house of wettin, albertine branch, officially treated german nobility extinct in legal succession-line.




albertine electors , kings of saxony

residences of albertine branch
























































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