Culture Palestinians

1 culture

1.1 palestinian identity
1.2 cuisine
1.3 art

1.3.1 cinema
1.3.2 handicrafts
1.3.3 costumes


1.4 palestinian narrative works

1.4.1 palestinian hikaye
1.4.2 literature
1.4.3 poetry
1.4.4 folklore
1.4.5 folk tales


1.5 music

1.5.1 palestinian hip hop
1.5.2 dance


1.6 sport

culture

palestinian identity

ali qleibo, palestinian anthropologist, has critiqued muslim historiography assigning beginning of palestinian cultural identity advent of islam in 7th century. in describing effect of such historiography, writes:

pagan origins disavowed. such peoples populated palestine throughout history have discursively rescinded own history , religion adopted religion, language, , culture of islam.

that peasant culture of large fellahin class showed features of cultures other islam conclusion arrived @ western scholars , explorers mapped , surveyed palestine during latter half of 19th century, , these ideas influence 20th century debates on palestinian identity local , international ethnographers. contributions of nativist ethnographies produced tawfiq canaan , other palestinian writers , published in journal of palestine oriental society (1920–48) driven concern native culture of palestine , , in particular peasant society, being undermined forces of modernity. salim tamari writes that:

implicit in scholarship (and made explicit canaan himself) theme, namely peasants of palestine represent—through folk norms ... living heritage of accumulated ancient cultures had appeared in palestine (principally canaanite, philistine, hebraic, nabatean, syrio-aramaic , arab).

palestinian culture closely related of nearby levantine countries such lebanon, syria, , jordan, , arab world. cultural contributions fields of art, literature, music, costume , cuisine express characteristics of palestinian experience , show signs of common origin despite geographical separation between palestinian territories, israel , diaspora.

al-quds capital of arab culture initiative undertaken unesco under cultural capitals program promote arab culture , encourage cooperation in arab region. opening event launched in march 2009.

palestinian market @ jaffa, 1877 painting
















cuisine

palestine s history of rule many different empires reflected in palestinian cuisine, has benefited various cultural contributions , exchanges. speaking, modern syrian-palestinian dishes have been influenced rule of 3 major islamic groups: arabs, persian-influenced arabs , turks. arabs conquered syria , palestine had simple culinary traditions based on use of rice, lamb , yogurt, dates. simple cuisine did not advance centuries due islam s strict rules of parsimony , restraint, until rise of abbasids, established baghdad capital. baghdad historically located on persian soil , henceforth, persian culture integrated arab culture during 9th-11th centuries , spread throughout central areas of empire.

there several foods native palestine known in arab world, such as, kinafe nabulsi, nabulsi cheese (cheese of nablus), ackawi cheese (cheese of acre) , musakhan. kinafe originated in nablus, sweetened nabulsi cheese used fill it. popular food palestinian kofta or kufta.

mezze describes assortment of dishes laid out on table meal takes place on several hours, characteristic common mediterranean cultures. common mezze dishes hummus, tabouleh, baba ghanoush, labaneh, , zate u zaatar, pita bread dipping of olive oil , ground thyme , sesame seeds.

entrées eaten throughout palestinian territories, include waraq al- inib – boiled grape leaves wrapped around cooked rice , ground lamb. mahashi assortment of stuffed vegetables such as, zucchinis, potatoes, cabbage , in gaza, chard.

art

similar structure of palestinian society, palestinian field of arts extends on 4 main geographic centers: west bank , gaza strip, israel, palestinian diaspora in arab world, , palestinian diaspora in europe, united states , elsewhere.

cinema

palestinian cinematography, relatively young compared arab cinema overall, receives european , israeli support. palestinian films not exclusively produced in arabic; made in english, french or hebrew. more 800 films have been produced palestinians, israeli–palestinian conflict, , other related topics, examples include divine intervention , paradise now.

handicrafts

a wide variety of handicrafts, many of have been produced in area of palestine hundreds of years, continue produced today. palestinian handicrafts include embroidery , weaving, pottery-making, soap-making, glass-making, , olive-wood , mother of pearl carvings, among others.

costumes

foreign travelers palestine in late 19th , 20th centuries commented on rich variety of costumes among area s inhabitants, , particularly among fellaheen or village women. until 1940s, woman s economic status, whether married or single, , town or area deciphered palestinian women type of cloth, colors, cut, , embroidery motifs, or lack thereof, used robe-like dress or thoub in arabic.

new styles began appear 1960s. example, six-branched dress named after 6 wide bands of embroidery running down waist. these styles came refugee camps, particularly after 1967. individual village styles lost , replaced identifiable palestinian style. shawal, style popular in west bank , jordan before first intifada, evolved 1 of many welfare embroidery projects in refugee camps. shorter , narrower fashion, western cut.

palestinian narrative works

palestinian novelist , non-fiction writer susan abulhawa


palestinian hikaye

literature


mahmoud darwish, palestinian poet

palestinian literature forms part of wider genre of arabic literature. unlike arabic counterparts, palestinian literature defined national affiliation rather territorially. egyptian literature literature produced in egypt. case palestinian literature 1948 arab-israeli war, following palestinian exodus of 1948 has become literature written palestinians regardless of residential status.

contemporary palestinian literature characterized heightened sense of irony , exploration of existential themes , issues of identity. references subjects of resistance occupation, exile, loss, , love , longing homeland common. palestinian literature can intensely political, underlined writers salma khadra jayyusi , novelist liana badr, have mentioned need give expression palestinian collective identity , case of struggle. there resistance school of thought, whereby palestinian artists have rebelled against demand art committed . poet mourid barghouti example, has said poetry not civil servant, s not soldier, s in nobody s employ. rula jebreal s novel miral tells story of hind al-husseini s effort establish orphanage in jerusalem after 1948 arab–israeli war, deir yassin massacre, , establishment of state of israel.

since 1967, critics have theorized existence of 3 branches of palestinian literature, loosely divided geographic location: 1) inside israel, 2) occupied territories, 3) among palestinian diaspora throughout middle east.

hannah amit-kochavi recognizes 2 branches: written palestinians inside state of israel distinct written outside (ibid., p. 11). posits temporal distinction between literature produced before 1948 , produced thereafter. in 2003 article published in studies in humanities, steven salaita posits fourth branch made of english language works, particularly written palestinians in united states, defines writing rooted in diasporic countries focused in theme , content on palestine.

poetry

palestinian-american writer naomi shihab nye.

poetry, using classical pre-islamic forms, remains extremely popular art form, attracting palestinian audiences in thousands. until 20 years ago, local folk bards reciting traditional verses feature of every palestinian town. after 1948 palestinian exodus, poetry transformed vehicle political activism. among palestinians became arab citizens of israel after passage of citizenship law in 1952, school of resistance poetry born included poets mahmoud darwish, samih al-qasim, , tawfiq zayyad. work of these poets largely unknown wider arab world years because of lack of diplomatic relations between israel , arab governments. situation changed after ghassan kanafani, palestinian writer in exile in lebanon, published anthology of work in 1966. palestinian poets write common theme of strong affection , sense of loss , longing lost homeland. among new generation of palestinian writers, work of nathalie handal award-winning poet, playwright, , editor has been published in literary journals , magazines , has been translated twelve languages.

folklore

samah sabawi palestinian dramatist, writer , journalist

palestinian folklore body of expressive culture, including tales, music, dance, legends, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs, customs, , comprising traditions (including oral traditions) of palestinian culture. there folklorist revival among palestinian intellectuals such nimr sirhan, musa allush, salim mubayyid, , palestinian folklore society during 1970s. group attempted establish pre-islamic (and pre-hebraic) cultural roots re-constructed palestinian national identity. 2 putative roots in patrimony canaanite , jebusite. such efforts seem have borne fruit evidenced in organization of celebrations qabatiya canaanite festival , annual music festival of yabus palestinian ministry of culture.

folk tales

traditional storytelling among palestinians prefaced invitation listeners give blessings god , prophet mohammed or virgin mary case may be, , includes traditional opening: there was, or there not, in oldness of time... formulaic elements of stories share in common wider arab world, though rhyming scheme distinct. there cast of supernatural characters: djinns can cross 7 seas in instant, giants, , ghouls eyes of ember , teeth of brass. stories invariably have happy ending, , storyteller finish off rhyme like: bird has taken flight, god bless tonight, or tutu, tutu, finished haduttu (story).

music

kamanjeh performer in jerusalem, 1859.

palestinian music known throughout arab world. after 1948, new wave of performers emerged distinctively palestinian themes relating dreams of statehood , burgeoning nationalist sentiments. in addition zajal , ataaba, traditional palestinian songs include: bein al-dawai, al-rozana, zarif – al-toul, , al-maijana, dal ona, sahja/saamir, zaghareet. on 3 decades, palestinian national music , dance troupe (el funoun) , mohsen subhi have reinterpreted , rearranged traditional wedding songs such mish al (1986), marj ibn amer(1989) , zaghareed (1997). ataaba form of folk singing consists of 4 verses, following specific form , meter. distinguishing feature of ataaba first 3 verses end same word meaning 3 different things, , fourth verse serves conclusion. followed dalouna.

reem kelani 1 of foremost researchers , performers in present day of music palestinian narrative , heritage. 2006 debut solo album sprinting gazelle – palestinian songs motherland , diaspora comprised kelani s research , arrangement of 5 traditional palestinian songs, whilst other 5 songs own musical settings of popular , resistance poetry likes of mahmoud darwish, salma khadra jayyusi, rashid husain , mahmoud salim al-hout. songs on album relate pre-1948 palestine .

palestinian hip hop


american radio personality , record producer dj khaled, of palestinian descent

palestinian hip hop reportedly started in 1998 tamer nafar s group dam. these palestinian youth forged new palestinian musical subgenre, blends arabic melodies , hip hop beats. lyrics sung in arabic, hebrew, english, , french. since then, new palestinian musical subgenre has grown include artists in palestinian territories, israel, great britain, united states , canada.

borrowing traditional rap music first emerged in new york in 1970s, young palestinian musicians have tailored style express own grievances social , political climate in live , work. palestinian hip hop works challenge stereotypes , instigate dialogue israeli–palestinian conflict. palestinian hip-hop artists have been influenced messages of american rappers. tamar nafar says, when heard tupac sing s white man s world decided take hip hop . in addition influences american hip hop, includes musical elements palestinian , arabic music including zajal, mawwal, , saj can likened arabic spoken word, including percussiveness , lyricism of arabic music.

historically, music has served integral accompaniment various social , religious rituals , ceremonies in palestinian society (al-taee 47). of middle-eastern , arabic string instruments utilized in classical palestinian music sampled on hip-hop beats in both israeli , palestinian hip-hop part of joint process of localization. percussiveness of hebrew language emphasized in israeli hip-hop, palestinian music has revolved around rhythmic specificity , smooth melodic tone of arabic. musically speaking, palestinian songs pure melody performed monophonically complex vocal ornamentations , strong percussive rhythm beats . presence of hand-drum in classical palestinian music indicates cultural esthetic conducive vocal, verbal , instrumental percussion serve foundational elements of hip-hop. hip hop joining longer tradition of revolutionary, underground, arabic music , political songs have supported palestinian resistance . subgenre has served way politicize palestinian issue through music.

dance

the dabke, levantine arab folk dance style local palestinian versions appropriated palestinian nationalism after 1967, has, according 1 scholar, possible roots may go ancient canaanite fertility rites. marked synchronized jumping, stamping, , movement, similar tap dancing. 1 version performed men, women.

sport

although sport facilities did exist before nakba, many such facilities , institutions subsequently shut down. today there remains sport centers such in gaza , ramallah, difficulty of mobility , travel restrictions means palestinian not able compete internationally full potential. however, palestinian sport authorities have indicated palestinians in diaspora eligible compete palestine once diplomatic , security situation improves.