History Preschool

samuel wilderspin, 1 of founders of preschool education. 1848 engraving john rogers herbert.

in age when school restricted children had learned read , write @ home, there many attempts make school accessible orphans or children of women worked in factories.

in 1779, johann friedrich oberlin , louise scheppler founded in strassbourg establishment caring , educating pre-school children parents absent during day. @ same time, in 1780, similar infant establishments established in bavaria in 1802, pauline zur lippe established preschool center in detmold.

in 1816, robert owen, philosopher , pedagogue, opened first british , globally first infant school in new lanark, scotland. in conjunction venture cooperative mills owen wanted children given moral education fit work. system successful in producing obedient children basic literacy , numeracy.

samuel wilderspin opened first infant school in london in 1819, , went on establish hundreds more. published many works on subject, , work became model infant schools throughout england , further afield. play important part of wilderspin s system of education. credited inventing playground. in 1823, wilderspin published on importance of educating infant poor, based on school. began working infant school society next year, informing others views. wrote infant system, developing physical, intellectual, , moral powers off children 1 7 years of age .

spread

countess theresa brunszvik (1775–1861), had known , been influenced johann heinrich pestalozzi, influenced example open angyalkert ( angel garden in hungarian) on 27 may 1828 in residence in buda, first of eleven care centers founded young children. in 1836 established institute foundation of preschool centers. idea became popular among nobility , middle class , copied throughout hungarian kingdom.

a kindergarten in germany in 1954

friedrich fröbel (1782–1852) opened play , activity institute in 1837 in village of bad blankenburg in principality of schwarzburg-rudolstadt, thuringia, renamed kindergarten on 28 june 1840.

women trained fröbel opened kindergartens throughout europe , around world. first kindergarten in united states founded in watertown, wisconsin in 1856 , conducted in german. elizabeth peabody founded america s first english-language kindergarten in 1860 , first free kindergarten in america founded in 1870 conrad poppenhusen, german industrialist , philanthropist, established poppenhusen institute , first publicly financed kindergarten in united states established in st. louis in 1873 susan blow. canada s first private kindergarten opened wesleyan methodist church in charlottetown, prince edward island in 1870 , end of decade, common in large canadian towns , cities. country s first public-school kindergartens established in berlin, ontario in 1882 @ central school. in 1885, toronto normal school (teacher training) opened department kindergarten teaching.

elizabeth harrison wrote extensively on theory of childhood education , worked enhance educational standards kindergarten teachers establishing became national college of education in 1886.

head start first publicly funded preschool program in us, created in 1965 president johnson low-income families—only 10% of children enrolled in preschool. due large demand, various states subsidized preschool low-income families in 1980s.