Gospel accounts Confession of Peter




1 gospel accounts

1.1 background , setting
1.2 proclamation , acceptance
1.3 selection of peter





gospel accounts
background , setting

in new testament, pericope , account of transfiguration of jesus follows appear towards middle of gospel narrative , jointly mark beginnings of gradual disclosure of identity of jesus disciples.


the setting near caesarea philippi in northern palestine , @ beginning of final journey jerusalem ends in crucifixion , resurrection of jesus.


peter s confession begins dialogue between jesus , disciples in matthew 16:13, mark 8:27 , luke 9:18. jesus begins ask current opinions himself among multitudes , asking: multitudes am? disciples provide variety of common hypotheses @ time, ranging john baptist elijah, jeremiah, or 1 of (other) prophets. cambridge bible schools , colleges, following jewish medieval rabbi david kimhi , theologican john lightfoot, suggests jeremiah mentioned representative of prophets, because in jewish canon book of jeremiah came first of prophets, following books of kings.


earlier in gospel narrative, these hypotheses jesus identity provided in mark 6:14-16 in court of herod antipas when wondered if jesus john baptist restored life.


proclamation , acceptance

in 3 gospel accounts, after asking views of multitudes , jesus asks disciples own opinion: am? simon peter answers him: christ, son of living god .


only in matthew 16:17 jesus blesses peter answer, , later indicates revelation foundational rock of church. begins with:



blessed art thou, simon bar-jonah: flesh , blood hath not revealed unto thee, father in heaven.



in blessing peter, jesus not accepts titles christ , son of god peter attributes him, declares proclamation divine revelation stating father in heaven had revealed peter. in assertion, endorsing both titles divine revelation, jesus unequivocally declares himself both christ , son of god.


the reference father distinguished in in new testament, jesus never includes other individuals in such references , refers father, when addressing disciples uses father, excluding himself reference.


selection of peter

pietro perugino s depiction of giving of keys saint peter jesus, 1492


in matthew 16:18 jesus continues:



and unto thee, thou art peter, , upon rock build church; , gates of hell shall not prevail against it. , give unto thee keys of kingdom of heaven.



the word peter in verse is, in greek, petros , while rock petra . play on words, if original language aramaic word in both cases kepha . distinction petros meant stone , petra solid piece of rocky ground suggested, greek use in antiquity seems have been less precise.


the word church (ekklesia in greek), used here, appears in gospels once more, in matthew 18:17, , refers community of believers @ time. gates of hell (of hades) refers underworld, , abode of dead, , refers powers opposed god not being able triumph on church. keys of kingdom of heaven refer metaphor of kingdom of heaven being place entered used in matthew 23:13, entrance can shut.


peter s authority further confirmed by: whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall bound in heaven: , whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall loosed in heaven . discussed below, various christian denominations have assigned different interpretations authority granted in passage.


all 3 of synoptics end account jesus telling disciples not reveal messiah anyone, statement in 20th century gave rise theory of messianic secret in gospel of mark.








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