Flight and crash Helios Airways Flight 522

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when aircraft arrived london earlier morning, previous flight crew had reported frozen door seal , abnormal noises coming right aft service door. requested full inspection of door. inspection carried out ground engineer performed pressurization leak check. in order carry out check without requiring aircraft s engines, pressurisation system set manual . however, engineer failed reset auto on completion of test.


after aircraft returned service, flight crew overlooked pressurisation system state on 3 separate occasions: during pre-flight procedure, after-start check, , after take-off check. during these checks, no 1 in flight crew noticed incorrect setting. aircraft took off @ 9:07 pressurisation system still set manual , , aft outflow valve partially open.


as aircraft climbed, pressure inside cabin gradually decreased. passed through altitude of 12,040 feet (3,670 m), cabin altitude warning horn sounded. warning should have prompted crew stop climbing, misidentified crew take-off configuration warning, signals aircraft not ready take-off, , can sound on ground.


in next few minutes, several warning lights on overhead panel in cockpit illuminated. 1 or both of equipment cooling warning lights came on indicate low airflow through cooling fans (a result of decreased air density), accompanied master caution light. passenger oxygen light illuminated when, @ altitude of approximately 18,000 feet (5,500 m), oxygen masks in passenger cabin automatically deployed.


shortly after cabin altitude warning sounded, captain radioed helios operations centre , reported take-off configuration warning on , cooling equipment normal , alternate off line . spoke ground engineer , repeatedly stated cooling ventilation fan lights off . engineer (the 1 had conducted pressurization leak check) asked can confirm pressurization panel set auto? captain, possibly experiencing onset of initial effects of hypoxia, disregarded question , instead asked in reply, equipment cooling circuit breakers? . last communication aircraft.


the aircraft continued climb until leveled off @ fl340, approximately 34,000 feet (10,000 m). between 09:30 , 09:40, nicosia atc repeatedly attempted contact aircraft, without success. @ 09:37, aircraft passed cyprus flight information region (fir) athens fir, without making contact athens atc. nineteen attempts contact aircraft between 10:12 , 10:50 met no response, , @ 10:40 aircraft entered holding pattern athens airport, @ kea vhf omnidirectional range, still @ fl340. remained in holding pattern, under control of auto-pilot, next 70 minutes.


two f-16 fighter aircraft hellenic air force 111th combat wing scrambled nea anchialos air base establish visual contact. intercepted passenger jet @ 11:24 , observed first officer slumped motionless @ controls , captain s seat empty. reported oxygen masks dangling in passenger cabin.


at 11:49, flight attendant andreas prodromou entered cockpit , sat down in captain s seat, having remained conscious using portable oxygen supply. prodromou held uk commercial pilot license, not qualified fly boeing 737. crash investigators concluded prodromou s experience insufficient him gain control of aircraft under circumstances. prodromou waved @ f16s briefly, entered cockpit, left engine flamed out due fuel exhaustion , plane left holding pattern , started descend. ten minutes after loss of power left engine, right engine flamed out, , before 12:04 aircraft crashed hills near grammatiko, 40 km (25 mi) athens, killing 121 passengers , crew on-board.








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